Artificial brain: advances and possible uses
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This idea of creating a fully electronic brain is the subject of many science fiction movies and novels. Gradually, however, it is becoming a reality. There are several projects that bring together the best minds on the planet to build the first fully artificial brain.
It is believed that the development of the artificial brain will make it possible to create an artificial intelligence as advanced as or more advanced than human intelligence. To do this, they must reconstruct and reinterpret everything from simple molecules to complex neural connections.
Below we will discuss the possible uses of the artificial brain and its most recent advances, especially the Blue Brain project led by IBM.
Possible uses of the artificial brainThe possible uses of the artificial brain depend on the motivations of each research center conducting the development. Some do it for greater understanding of the human and animal brain, while others do it to seek immortality.
The latter are known as the transhumanists. Those who participate in the artificial brain race to find immortality.
This research is generally funded by eccentric billionaires who want to avoid death. The main idea is that they would live forever by transferring their consciousness and memories from their biological brain to an artificial brain.
Beyond these somewhat fictitious uses, there are the scientific uses of the artificial brain. Which can be summarized in three important uses for science:
To understand the human brain in greater depth and thus know how to treat certain brain diseases. Also with the goal of expanding human cognition to levels never seen before.
To test a theory within the philosophical framework of artificial intelligence. To study the possibility of creating a machine with the same human cognitive capabilities.
To create a machine capable of performing general intelligent actions. In other words, to create a machine as intelligent as a human being. With adaptive and sustained learning capabilities. In this way solve everyday problems by means of artificial intelligence contained in an artificial brain.
Recent advances in the development of the artificial brainDespite the great advances in robotics and computer science in recent years, it has not yet been possible to replicate the human brain. This is due to their great difficulty, since they would have to simulate the relationship between more than 100 billion neurons.
The best known project, followed by the rest of the experts in the human brain and computer science, is the one carried out by IBM and L'Г‰cole Polytechnique FГ©dГ©rale de Lausanne in Switzerland (EPFL), called Blue Brain.
Blue Brain consists of building an artificial brain based initially on the brain activity of a rodent. This is done with a large computer composed of smaller computers that represent each reconstructed neuron.
It is estimated that the brain of a mouse has 100,000 columns with 10,000 neurons each. In the case of a human being, this figure multiplies exponentially. It can have up to 2 million columns, with 100,000 neurons each.
This reconstruction of a rodent brain has the long-term goal of gaining a better understanding of how the human brain works. Specifically how humans think, remember and reason.
This project started in 2008 and the most promising results are expected to be used practically from 2050 onwards. Either by exceeding human intellectual capacity or by being able to download the contents of a human brain into an artificial brain.
Criticism of artificial brain developmentSome neuroscientists believe that it is better to focus efforts to develop general intelligent actions without the need to mimic the nature of the human brain. They argue that it would be a Herculean and even somewhat dangerous task to perfectly replicate the human brain.
On the other hand, there are ethical issues to be resolved when developing the ultimate artificial brain. Specifically regarding its maintenance, relationship with humans, personality development, learning system, freedoms and possible death. In other words, would it be considered a human, what rights would it have, could it be deactivated? Etc.
Although it seems like a long time to develop a full-fledged artificial brain, it is actually just around the corner. So much so that many researchers consider that its development speed is faster than expected and the results are extremely promising.
Therefore, not only technological, but also social, ethical and moral questions should be raised and answered when activating the hypothetical first artificial brain.
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